The Greeks were known for a lot of incredible things, but little is known of their jewelry. The first true examples we have of Ancient Greek Jewelry is pieces that utilize beads shaped in the form of various animals and shells. Around–00 B.C. they started to utilize gemstones and gold into their various jewelry designs. By the time 300 B.C. had rolled around, they had ventured into the area of colored jewelry that utilized amethysts, pearls, and emeralds. They made cameos from a striped down pink and cream agate known as the Indian Sardonyx. As was the case with most cultures, Greek jewelry designs started off simply, but as time progressed, they grew increasingly more elaborate and complex.

Jewelry in Ancient Greece was not worn in the daily lives of the people. It was to be worn during special occasions or while on public appearances. It was a common gift, and women often used it to show off their beauty, social status, and degree of wealth. Jewelry was often deemed to have mystical powers. It was thought to provide the wearer with protection from the “Evil Eye” (i.e.: a look by another person that is thought to send injury or bad luck), or other supernatural powers. Most Greek jewelry of the time was made from gold and silver, with gemstones and ivory, clay and bronze utilized as well.

We know of two types of jewelry that the Ancient Greeks developed. These pieces were: (1) cast jewelry pieces and (2) those pieces made from hammering out sheet metal. Although we have only a few examples of cast jewelry available today, we know that they were made from casting metal onto two moulds (made out of either clay or stone). These moulds were joined together with wax, and molten metal was poured into the center (a common technique that had been passed down from the Ancient Bronze Age). We have more samples of their jewelry that was created by hammering out sheet metal. The process was simple…sheet metal was hammered to the desired thickness, and then soldered together.

The Ancient Romans also had jewelry designs as part of their culture. The brooch, an item used to secure clothing together, was the most common example of early Roman jewelry. The Roman Empire was vast and huge, and the Romans took full advantage of this size, incorporating a diverse range of materials from far and wide. In the earlier years they utilized a lot of glass beads and pearls, but in later years they utilized bronze and bone and gold. Imported sapphires from Sri Lanka and Indian diamond (along with amber and emeralds), were also incorporated into their jewelry designs.

Like their neighbors the Greeks, one of the purposes of Roman jewelry was to ward off the “Evil Eye” given by one’s enemies. Women wore jewelry all over their bodies, but for men, it was often only a ring on the finger. It was expected that Roman men would wear a ring on one finger, but some Roman men wore a ring on every finger, while others wore no jewelry at all.

Betsy Johnson has two great blogs: heart jewelry and open heart jewelry if you would like to learn more.

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We thank you for all the kind response regarding the heart jewelry articles that we have written in the past. It’s very heart-warming. Today we would like to go back in time a bit further and write a more “generic” history of jewelry in general. The art form that we know of as “Jewelry Making” as been around for thousands of years, and different cultures have incorporated it in different ways. If we examine their pieces of jewelry we will gain some insight into the inner working of these ancient cultures.

The homo sapiens that lived in Africa provide us with the first sign of a culture using jewelry. They have found snail shell beads at Blombos Cave (situated in the side of a limestone cliff in South Africa) that date back to over 75,000 years ago. If we go to the other side of Africa, at Enkapune Ya Moto in Kenya, they have found beads made from ostrich egg shells that date back to over 40,000 years ago.

When we think of Egypt images of the Great Pyramids and the Ancient Sphinx come to mind. And jewelry making? Not so much…but it is in Ancient Egypt (about 3,000 to 5,000 years ago) that we find the first signs of established jewelry making. Egyptians made their jewelry out of many of the materials that we use today…such as gemstones, but they preferred to make their jewelry out of glass, as it could be colored to satisfy their needs and tastes. For every gemstone that they could find, they were able to create a glass replication that could mimic it. As years went on, other cultures, such as the Phoenicians, used Egyptian jewelry as a template for their own designs.

We all love colored jewelry for it’s beauty, but to the Ancient Egyptians it meant different things. Take for example the color red. The necklace of Isis that was to be placed on the neck of a mummy needed to be red in color. It was thought that this color would satisfy Isis’s need for blood. On the other side of the coin, the color green was used to symbolize growth in crops and fertility. The Ancient Egyptians made their jewelry in large workshops that were often attached to their palaces and temples.

Around 4000 years ago, in the cities of Sumer and Akkad in Ancient Mesopotamia, jewelry development and production started to spring up. This jewelry was often made from metal leaf. It was often set in a large number of brightly-colored stones (such as lapis, jasper, carnelian, and agate). Various shapes, such as grapes, leafs, spirals and cones were also incorporated into their various designs. The Ancient Mesopotamians were also masters in the area of record keeping, and they have found in various archaeological sites huge archives of detailed records relating to not only the creation, but the trading, of jewelry.

Did you enjoy our little departure from our regular heart jewelry articles? It’s very interesting to see how the art form of jewelry making has developed over the history of man.

Betsy Johnson has two great blogs: jewelry with heart and some open heart jewelry if you would like to learn more.

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